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Tuesday, November 12, 2013

Tea Party Beware: "Whom The Gods Would Destroy, They First Make Mad"

"Glenn Beck: Tears of a Clown"

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"Whom the gods would destroy, they first make mad" is a quotation frequently misattributed to Euripedes.

The Tea Party -- informed by the madness of Rush Limbaugh, Michael Savage, Glenn Beck, Sean Hannity, Bill O'Reilly and Ann Coulter -- would wisely heed this ancient counsel, whichever of the following sources is its origin.

  • Account no man happy till he dies.
    • Sophocles in Oedipus Rex
    • Variant in Herodotus 1.32: Count no man happy until he is dead.
  • Circumstances rule men and not men circumstances.
    • Herodotus, Book 7, Ch. 49; Misattributed to Euripedes in "The Imperial Four" by Professor Creasy in Bentley's Miscellany Vol. 33 (January 1853), p. 22
    • Variant translation: Circumstances rule men; men do not rule circumstances.
  • Those whom the gods wish to destroy they first make mad.
    • Anonymous ancient proverb, wrongly attributed to Euripides. The version here is quoted as a "heathen proverb" in Daniel, a Model for Young Men (1854) by William Anderson Scott. The origin of the mis-attribution to Euripides is unknown. Several variants are quoted in ancient texts, as follows.
    • Variants and derived paraphrases:
      • For cunningly of old
        was the celebrated saying revealed:
        evil sometimes seems good
        to a man whose mind
        a god leads to destruction.
        • Sophocles, Antigone 620-3, a play pre-dating any of Euripides' surviving plays. An ancient commentary explains the passage as a paraphrase of the following, from another, earlier poet.
      • When a god plans harm against a man,
        he first damages the mind of the man he is plotting against.
        • Quoted in the scholia vetera to Sophocles' Antigone 620ff., without attribution. The meter (iambic trimeter) suggests that the source of the quotation is a tragic play.
      • For whenever the anger of divine spirits harms someone,
        it first does this: it steals away his mind
        and good sense, and turns his thought to foolishness,

        so that he should know nothing of his mistakes.
        • Attributed to "some of the old poets" by Lycurgus of Athens in his Oratio In Leocratem [Oration Against Leocrates], section 92. Again, the meter suggests that the source is a tragic play. These lines are misattributed to the much earlier semi-mythical statesman Lycurgus of Sparta in a footnote of recent editions of Bartlett's Familiar Quotations and other works.
      • The gods do nothing until they have blinded the minds of the wicked.
        • Variant in ''Dictionary of Quotations (Classical) (1906), compiled by Thomas Benfield Harbottle, p. 433.
      • Whom Fortune wishes to destroy she first makes mad.
      • The devil when he purports any evil against man, first perverts his mind.
      • quem Iuppiter vult perdere, dementat prius.
        • "Whom Jupiter wishes to destroy, he first sends mad"; neo-Latin version. "A maxim of obscure origin which may have been invented in Cambridge about 1640" -- Taylor, The Proverb (1931). Probably a variant of the line "He whom the gods love dies young", derived from Menander's play The Double Deceiver via Plautus (Bacchides 816-7).
      • quem (or quosDeus perdere vult, dementat prius.
        • "Whom God wishes to destroy, he first sends mad." -- A Christianised version of the above.
      • Whom the gods would destroy, they first make mad.
      • Those whom the gods would destroy, they first make mad.
        • As quoted in George Fox Interpreted: The Religion, Revelations, Motives and Mission of George Fox (1881) by Thomas Ellwood Longshore, p. 154
      • Those whom God wishes to destroy, he first makes mad.
      • Nor do the gods appear in warrior's armour clad
        To strike them down with sword and spear
        Those whom they would destroy
        They first make mad.
        • Bhartá¹›hari, 7th c. AD; as quoted in John Brough,Poems from the Sanskrit, (1968), p, 67


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